Guidebook for Kopačevo
Parks & Nature
Kopački rit Nature Park, also called the European Amazon, is situated in the central part of the Danube floodplain, between two important European rivers, the Drava and the Danube. It became a protected area in 1967 due to its values as a rare ecosystem, its rich biodiversity and important ecological values. The whole surface of the Park lies on 23.891 ha of which 7.143 ha are under higher protection being a Special Zoological Reserve. In 2012, the Park was declared as part of the Mura-Drava-Danube Biosphere Reserve under UNESCO. The main ecological significance of Kopački rit is comprised by flood dynamics, therefore, the Park is always different. The tame natural resources of this area enable you to discover the rich fauna, from small birds to large wild animals, like deer. Here the visitors can enjoy the gifts of nature, awakened by the scent of wild flowers, birds singing or by walking through oak forests that are extremely rare today.
27 recommandé par les habitants
Kopački Rit Nature Park
Kopački rit Nature Park, also called the European Amazon, is situated in the central part of the Danube floodplain, between two important European rivers, the Drava and the Danube. It became a protected area in 1967 due to its values as a rare ecosystem, its rich biodiversity and important ecological values. The whole surface of the Park lies on 23.891 ha of which 7.143 ha are under higher protection being a Special Zoological Reserve. In 2012, the Park was declared as part of the Mura-Drava-Danube Biosphere Reserve under UNESCO. The main ecological significance of Kopački rit is comprised by flood dynamics, therefore, the Park is always different. The tame natural resources of this area enable you to discover the rich fauna, from small birds to large wild animals, like deer. Here the visitors can enjoy the gifts of nature, awakened by the scent of wild flowers, birds singing or by walking through oak forests that are extremely rare today.
The visit to the cemetery brings sadness and memories. But who had the opportunity to visit at least once in his life Biljsko groblje (cemetery), especially in early May, when the daffodils bloom, one can understand why it is so unique.
Phytosociological analysis showed that it is the only remaining stepp meadow in Croatia. There are about 140 species, some of which are rare and endangered, such as blackish sasa, flecked iris, Hungarian bane.
Because its value, Biljan cemetery was declared in 2000th a monument of nature.
The center of Bilje marks the Catholic Church of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, built in 1775th year. The parish Bilje existed since 1758th . It was 1862. completely rebuilt, and since 1918. was under the patronage of Belje nobility, owned by Archduke Alber.
During the war it was heavily damaged, although it had the status of a protected cultural monument.
Restoring of the damaged church started in 1997., with donations from the Muncipality Bilje, HEP Osijek and financial support of community members. The roof, electrical wiring, organ, sound system, altar, and the doors have been restored, new bells instaled in the church and the roof was repaired. The work continued until 2002.
Bilje
The visit to the cemetery brings sadness and memories. But who had the opportunity to visit at least once in his life Biljsko groblje (cemetery), especially in early May, when the daffodils bloom, one can understand why it is so unique.
Phytosociological analysis showed that it is the only remaining stepp meadow in Croatia. There are about 140 species, some of which are rare and endangered, such as blackish sasa, flecked iris, Hungarian bane.
Because its value, Biljan cemetery was declared in 2000th a monument of nature.
The center of Bilje marks the Catholic Church of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, built in 1775th year. The parish Bilje existed since 1758th . It was 1862. completely rebuilt, and since 1918. was under the patronage of Belje nobility, owned by Archduke Alber.
During the war it was heavily damaged, although it had the status of a protected cultural monument.
Restoring of the damaged church started in 1997., with donations from the Muncipality Bilje, HEP Osijek and financial support of community members. The roof, electrical wiring, organ, sound system, altar, and the doors have been restored, new bells instaled in the church and the roof was repaired. The work continued until 2002.
Sightseeing
Old Town of the city of Osijek-
It is the best-preserved and largest ensemble of Baroque buildings in Croatia and consists of a Habsburg star fort built on the right bank of the River Drava. Tvrđa has been described by the World Monuments Fund as "a unique example of an eighteenth-century baroque military, administrative, and commercial urban center".[1]
The star fort was constructed in the immediate vicinity of medieval Osijek after the defeat of the Ottoman forces in 1687, due to Osijek's strategic importance. Constructed starting in 1712 to plans by Mathias von Kaiserfeld and then Maximilian Gosseau de Henef, all five planned bastions and two gates were complete by 1715. By 1735, the inner town was finished and three northern bastions had been added. When complete, it was the largest and most advanced Habsburg fortress on the border with the Ottoman Empire, consisting of eight bastions and featuring armories, depots, a garrison headquarters, military court, construction office, a garrison physician, guardhouse, officers' apartments, a military hospital and seven barracks. The completed fort was entirely surrounded with walls and palisades and had four main gates at each side (north, south, east, west). Tvrđa had street lights by 1717 and was the site of the first public water supply in Croatia, opened in 1751.
Tvrđa's military importance decreased after the Berlin Congress of 1878, with the increasing stability of the surrounding region. Most of the fort walls and fortifications were destroyed in the 1920s due to the obstacle they presented to the development of Osijek. While the fortifications have largely been removed, the fort's interior core remains intact and is now home to churches, museums, schools and other public buildings, as well as numerous bars and restaurants. Of the fortification system, only the northern side of the walls now remain intact, as well as parts of the first and eighth bastions along with the northern gate known as the 'water gate' ('vodena vrata'). Tvrđa sustained significant damage during the Croatian War of Independence during the 1990s and was featured on the 1996 World Monuments Watch List of Most Endangered Sites. It now features on Croatia's 'tentative list' for consideration as a nominee for a World Heritage Site
6 recommandé par les habitants
Osijek
Old Town of the city of Osijek-
It is the best-preserved and largest ensemble of Baroque buildings in Croatia and consists of a Habsburg star fort built on the right bank of the River Drava. Tvrđa has been described by the World Monuments Fund as "a unique example of an eighteenth-century baroque military, administrative, and commercial urban center".[1]
The star fort was constructed in the immediate vicinity of medieval Osijek after the defeat of the Ottoman forces in 1687, due to Osijek's strategic importance. Constructed starting in 1712 to plans by Mathias von Kaiserfeld and then Maximilian Gosseau de Henef, all five planned bastions and two gates were complete by 1715. By 1735, the inner town was finished and three northern bastions had been added. When complete, it was the largest and most advanced Habsburg fortress on the border with the Ottoman Empire, consisting of eight bastions and featuring armories, depots, a garrison headquarters, military court, construction office, a garrison physician, guardhouse, officers' apartments, a military hospital and seven barracks. The completed fort was entirely surrounded with walls and palisades and had four main gates at each side (north, south, east, west). Tvrđa had street lights by 1717 and was the site of the first public water supply in Croatia, opened in 1751.
Tvrđa's military importance decreased after the Berlin Congress of 1878, with the increasing stability of the surrounding region. Most of the fort walls and fortifications were destroyed in the 1920s due to the obstacle they presented to the development of Osijek. While the fortifications have largely been removed, the fort's interior core remains intact and is now home to churches, museums, schools and other public buildings, as well as numerous bars and restaurants. Of the fortification system, only the northern side of the walls now remain intact, as well as parts of the first and eighth bastions along with the northern gate known as the 'water gate' ('vodena vrata'). Tvrđa sustained significant damage during the Croatian War of Independence during the 1990s and was featured on the 1996 World Monuments Watch List of Most Endangered Sites. It now features on Croatia's 'tentative list' for consideration as a nominee for a World Heritage Site
The area of present-day Ilok was populated since the neolithic and Bronze Ages. The Romans settled there in the 1st or 2nd century and built Cuccium, the first border fortification on the Danube. The Slavs settled here in the 6th century, and the Croats arrived here probably after the collapse of the second Avar Khanate. The area was later ruled by the Bulgarian Empire, until it was included into the medieval Kingdom of Hungary.
In 12th and 13th centuries the market-town of Ilok was mentioned in documents under various names (Iwnlak, Vilak, Vylok, Wyhok, Wylak). At the end of the 13th century, Hungarian kings gave the Vylak castrum to the powerful Csák noble family. In the 13th and 14th centuries, Ilok was a capital of the semi-independent medieval state of Upper Syrmia ruled by Ugrin Csák.
After 1354, the town of Ilok belonged to Nicholas and Paul Garay (in Croatian references Gorjanski), and then to Nicholas Kont of Orahovica and his descendants, among which was his great-grandson Nicholas and the last member of the Iločki family - Laurence of Ilok. Nicholas of Ilok was the Ban of All Slavonia from 1457 to 1463, and his son, Laurence was a duke of Syrmia from 1477 to 1524.
Since 1526, the town was under Ottoman rule. During this time, it was mainly populated by Muslims. In 1566-9, Ilok had 238 Muslim and 27 Christian houses. In 1572, it had 386 Muslim, and 18 Christian houses. In 1669, the population of Ilok numbered 1,160 houses, and town possessed two mosques. It was kaza centre in Sanjak of Syrmia. Habsburg army firstly occupied Ilok in 1688, but Ottomans recaptured it in 1690. In 1697, Habsburg army deinitely took Ilok from the Ottomans and Muslim population fled from the town.
During the Habsburg rule, Ilok belonged to the Kingdom of Slavonia, a Habsburg province that belonged to both, the Kingdom of Croatia, and the Kingdom of Hungary. Between 1849 and 1868, the Kingdom of Slavonia was completely separate Habsburg crownland, and in 1868 it was joined with the Kingdom of Croatia to form the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia. In the late 19th and early 20th century, Ilok was a district capital in the Syrmia County of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia.
In 1918, Ilok first became part of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, and then part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (in 1929 renamed Kingdom of Yugoslavia). From 1929 to 1939 Ilok was part of the Danube Banovina and from 1939 to 1941 of the Banovina of Croatia within the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Between 1941 and 1944, during the Axis occupation of Yugoslavia, it belonged to the Independent State of Croatia, and since 1945, it was part of the People's Republic of Croatia within new Socialist Yugoslavia.
On October 17, 1991 during the beginning of the Croatian War of Independence, the Croats and other non-Serbs of Ilok fled as the Yugoslav National Army led by Serbs paramilitaries occupied the area, but spared it from destruction due to its rapid surrounding and occupation. Between 1991 and 1995, Ilok was part of the Republic of Serb Krajina. The area was peacefully reintegrated into Croatia in 1998, with the exception of island of Šarengrad on Danube, which is still under the control of Serbia.
Ilok
D2The area of present-day Ilok was populated since the neolithic and Bronze Ages. The Romans settled there in the 1st or 2nd century and built Cuccium, the first border fortification on the Danube. The Slavs settled here in the 6th century, and the Croats arrived here probably after the collapse of the second Avar Khanate. The area was later ruled by the Bulgarian Empire, until it was included into the medieval Kingdom of Hungary.
In 12th and 13th centuries the market-town of Ilok was mentioned in documents under various names (Iwnlak, Vilak, Vylok, Wyhok, Wylak). At the end of the 13th century, Hungarian kings gave the Vylak castrum to the powerful Csák noble family. In the 13th and 14th centuries, Ilok was a capital of the semi-independent medieval state of Upper Syrmia ruled by Ugrin Csák.
After 1354, the town of Ilok belonged to Nicholas and Paul Garay (in Croatian references Gorjanski), and then to Nicholas Kont of Orahovica and his descendants, among which was his great-grandson Nicholas and the last member of the Iločki family - Laurence of Ilok. Nicholas of Ilok was the Ban of All Slavonia from 1457 to 1463, and his son, Laurence was a duke of Syrmia from 1477 to 1524.
Since 1526, the town was under Ottoman rule. During this time, it was mainly populated by Muslims. In 1566-9, Ilok had 238 Muslim and 27 Christian houses. In 1572, it had 386 Muslim, and 18 Christian houses. In 1669, the population of Ilok numbered 1,160 houses, and town possessed two mosques. It was kaza centre in Sanjak of Syrmia. Habsburg army firstly occupied Ilok in 1688, but Ottomans recaptured it in 1690. In 1697, Habsburg army deinitely took Ilok from the Ottomans and Muslim population fled from the town.
During the Habsburg rule, Ilok belonged to the Kingdom of Slavonia, a Habsburg province that belonged to both, the Kingdom of Croatia, and the Kingdom of Hungary. Between 1849 and 1868, the Kingdom of Slavonia was completely separate Habsburg crownland, and in 1868 it was joined with the Kingdom of Croatia to form the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia. In the late 19th and early 20th century, Ilok was a district capital in the Syrmia County of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia.
In 1918, Ilok first became part of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, and then part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (in 1929 renamed Kingdom of Yugoslavia). From 1929 to 1939 Ilok was part of the Danube Banovina and from 1939 to 1941 of the Banovina of Croatia within the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Between 1941 and 1944, during the Axis occupation of Yugoslavia, it belonged to the Independent State of Croatia, and since 1945, it was part of the People's Republic of Croatia within new Socialist Yugoslavia.
On October 17, 1991 during the beginning of the Croatian War of Independence, the Croats and other non-Serbs of Ilok fled as the Yugoslav National Army led by Serbs paramilitaries occupied the area, but spared it from destruction due to its rapid surrounding and occupation. Between 1991 and 1995, Ilok was part of the Republic of Serb Krajina. The area was peacefully reintegrated into Croatia in 1998, with the exception of island of Šarengrad on Danube, which is still under the control of Serbia.
The Castle in Bilje was built by Prince Eugene of Savoy (1663rd-1736.) during the first half of the 18th century. It is a hunting lodge, which the famous Austrian commander had built on the land of Emperor Leopold I.It is speculated that the castle was a work of the Austrian architect Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt (1668th-1745th), which has built the famous Belvedere Palace in Vienna for Prince Eugene of Savoy. The castle with the added and economic building is formed as a single structure, relatively large in plan, but low. The castle is Renaissance and Baroque art, which was a regression with the construction for Europe of that time, but his appearance is justified due to the fact that it was built on the border with the Ottoman Empire.
Dvorac Eugena Savojskog
33 Ul. Šandora PetefijaThe Castle in Bilje was built by Prince Eugene of Savoy (1663rd-1736.) during the first half of the 18th century. It is a hunting lodge, which the famous Austrian commander had built on the land of Emperor Leopold I.It is speculated that the castle was a work of the Austrian architect Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt (1668th-1745th), which has built the famous Belvedere Palace in Vienna for Prince Eugene of Savoy. The castle with the added and economic building is formed as a single structure, relatively large in plan, but low. The castle is Renaissance and Baroque art, which was a regression with the construction for Europe of that time, but his appearance is justified due to the fact that it was built on the border with the Ottoman Empire.
Everything Else
Vukovar was heavily damaged during the Croatian War of Independence. Approximately 2,000 self-organised defenders (the army of Croatia was still in an embryonic stage at that time) defended the city for 87 days against approximately 36,000 JNA troops supplemented with 110 vehicles and tanks and dozens of planes. The city suffered heavy damage during the siege and was eventually overrun. It is estimated that 2,000 defenders of Vukovar and civilians were killed, 800 went missing and 22,000 civilians were forced into exile.[6]
The damage to Vukovar during the siege has been called the worst in Europe since World War II, drawing comparisons with the World War II–era Stalingrad.[7][8] To draw the World's attention on the suffering and exile of Vukovar people, on 20 November 1991 a group of Croatian expatriates changed the signs on a Paris metro station Stalingrad into Vukovar. The signs remained all day before they were removed.[citation needed] The city's water tower, riddled with bullet holes, was retained by city planners to serve as a testimony to the events of the early 1990s.
On 18 November 2006 approximately 25,000 people from all over the country gathered in Vukovar for the 15th anniversary of the fall of the city to commemorate those who were killed during the siege. A museum dedicated to the siege was opened in the basement of a now rebuilt hospital that had been damaged during the battle.[9] On 27 September 2007 the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia convicted two former Yugoslav Army officers and acquitted a third of involvement in the hospital massacre.[10]
As a result of the conflict, a deep ethnic divide exists between the Croat and Serb populations.
7 recommandé par les habitants
Vukovar
Vukovar was heavily damaged during the Croatian War of Independence. Approximately 2,000 self-organised defenders (the army of Croatia was still in an embryonic stage at that time) defended the city for 87 days against approximately 36,000 JNA troops supplemented with 110 vehicles and tanks and dozens of planes. The city suffered heavy damage during the siege and was eventually overrun. It is estimated that 2,000 defenders of Vukovar and civilians were killed, 800 went missing and 22,000 civilians were forced into exile.[6]
The damage to Vukovar during the siege has been called the worst in Europe since World War II, drawing comparisons with the World War II–era Stalingrad.[7][8] To draw the World's attention on the suffering and exile of Vukovar people, on 20 November 1991 a group of Croatian expatriates changed the signs on a Paris metro station Stalingrad into Vukovar. The signs remained all day before they were removed.[citation needed] The city's water tower, riddled with bullet holes, was retained by city planners to serve as a testimony to the events of the early 1990s.
On 18 November 2006 approximately 25,000 people from all over the country gathered in Vukovar for the 15th anniversary of the fall of the city to commemorate those who were killed during the siege. A museum dedicated to the siege was opened in the basement of a now rebuilt hospital that had been damaged during the battle.[9] On 27 September 2007 the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia convicted two former Yugoslav Army officers and acquitted a third of involvement in the hospital massacre.[10]
As a result of the conflict, a deep ethnic divide exists between the Croat and Serb populations.
During the 1991 Croatian War of Independence, the Catholic church of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Aljmaš was destroyed, and had to be built almost completely anew in 2006.[2] 100 thuonsand of pilgrims visit the site yearly on August 15, the Catholic holiday of the Assumption of Mary.[3]
An interesting piece of information related to Aljmaš cemetery located in the area called Rotkvinac . The following II . World. War is one of the villager for his involvement in the Ustasha army sentenced to a long prison term . When his father died , his sister wrote it in a letter , which he could receive and send once a month . After its reaction in the next letter , sister concluded that the news of the death of his father , censorship wiped or otherwise removed , so that for this not learned . After the death of his mother , as he wrote , but he again noticed in his writings , it is not the news was not received and read . Then he thought of him in the following letter wrote, " Your father and mother traveled to Rotkvinac " . As censor thought it was some place , which is not disputed by them , they gave him a letter with the text and thus learned to have actually died and were buried in Rotkvinc - or Aljmaš cemetery .
In the spring of 2014 years , Aljmas marked valuable jubilee 777 years since the first mention of its name . Data on the first mention of the name and other interesting historical material villages , the archives in Croatia and Hungary for years he collected the President of the local board Aljmaš Ivica Stankovic , who takes care of all the found documentation and preparation issue Monographs Aljmas
Aljmaš
During the 1991 Croatian War of Independence, the Catholic church of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Aljmaš was destroyed, and had to be built almost completely anew in 2006.[2] 100 thuonsand of pilgrims visit the site yearly on August 15, the Catholic holiday of the Assumption of Mary.[3]
An interesting piece of information related to Aljmaš cemetery located in the area called Rotkvinac . The following II . World. War is one of the villager for his involvement in the Ustasha army sentenced to a long prison term . When his father died , his sister wrote it in a letter , which he could receive and send once a month . After its reaction in the next letter , sister concluded that the news of the death of his father , censorship wiped or otherwise removed , so that for this not learned . After the death of his mother , as he wrote , but he again noticed in his writings , it is not the news was not received and read . Then he thought of him in the following letter wrote, " Your father and mother traveled to Rotkvinac " . As censor thought it was some place , which is not disputed by them , they gave him a letter with the text and thus learned to have actually died and were buried in Rotkvinc - or Aljmaš cemetery .
In the spring of 2014 years , Aljmas marked valuable jubilee 777 years since the first mention of its name . Data on the first mention of the name and other interesting historical material villages , the archives in Croatia and Hungary for years he collected the President of the local board Aljmaš Ivica Stankovic , who takes care of all the found documentation and preparation issue Monographs Aljmas
Food Scene
RESTORAN KORMORAN
Restoran ,,Darócz''
39 Ul. Lajoša KošutaThe “Orlov put (Eagle Flyway)” eco family farm is featured by an exceptionally favourable site for dealing with organic farming. Surrounded by woods and distant from roads, this farm spreads on about 7 hectares of ploughfields which have been neither chemically treated nor cultivated since 1988. The area of the farm leans on the area of the protected “Kopački rit” Nature Park and its distance from the city of Osijek does not exceed six kilometres.
ORLOV PUT
The “Orlov put (Eagle Flyway)” eco family farm is featured by an exceptionally favourable site for dealing with organic farming. Surrounded by woods and distant from roads, this farm spreads on about 7 hectares of ploughfields which have been neither chemically treated nor cultivated since 1988. The area of the farm leans on the area of the protected “Kopački rit” Nature Park and its distance from the city of Osijek does not exceed six kilometres.